Types of Plots

Kinds of Plots Kinds of Plots Kinds of Plots By Mark Nichol What number of plot types are there, and does it truly make a difference? Also, in the event that you compose true to life, as opposed to fiction, for what reason would it be advisable for you to peruse this post? (I surmise you’ll need to peruse the post to discover.) Consistently, journalists have placed different conclusions about what number of particular sorts of stories exist. A few of the more noticeable hypotheses follow: Three Types William Foster Harris, in The Basic Patterns of Plot, recommends that the three plot types are the upbeat closure, the miserable consummation, and catastrophe. What’s the contrast between the second and third sorts? A catastrophe is recognized from a troubled completion halfway by the greatness of the result yet generally in that the lead character endeavors to accomplish something set apart by exorbitant pride, overweening desire, or another character imperfection and that the result appears destined by destiny. Seven Types Christopher Booker, in The Seven Basic Plot Points: Why We Tell Stories, records the plot types as Overcoming the Monster, the Quest, the Voyage and Return, Rags to Riches, and the Rebirth, just as Comedy and Tragedy. From the outset, the last two terms appear to be more similar to sorts than plots, yet a satire, however it may likewise fit into one of the other five sorts, is regularly set apart by a standard cluster of miscues and misfortunes, and, as implied in the past section, a disaster has a tight center: The hero risks everything, and destiny reacts. Another septet, one that may appear to be marginally off point, is a rundown of plot clashes, yet the things typify essential storylines too. In (to some degree discretionary) request of expanding multifaceted nature, the duels are individual versus destiny (or God), individual versus self, individual versus individual, individual versus society, individual versus nature, individual versus the extraordinary, and individual versus innovation. Twenty Types Ronald Tobias, in 20 Master Plots and How to Build Them, shares a score of story types. I won’t show them everything (you can undoubtedly discover them through an online pursuit), yet they run from the essential (the Quest) to the tolerably mind boggling (Revenge) to the more complex (Metamorphosis) and past. Thirty-Six Types Georges Polti, in The Thirty-Six Dramatic Situations, shuns the nuts and bolts for explicit ideas including Daring Enterprise, Fatal Imprudence, and Erroneous Judgment, just as a few assortments of stories of adoration and penance. (Once more, the full program is accessible via looking through on the web.) Categorizing Plot Types Is it fundamental for essayists to think about these qualifications? Does one have to realize the plot sort of one’s story? Can’t you simply compose your story? You’re welcome to disregard arrangement, yet think about the advantages: By coordinating your story to at least one plot types, you can mine the customs of that type (or those sorts). In the event that you compose a journey story or a comparable kind whether set in a dream domain or in reality without misusing the standard of three, for instance, it will come up short on the reverberation of its progenitors. You can, obviously, oppose desires by maintaining a strategic distance from clichã ©s, however in the event that you give a name to the kind of story you are advising, you are bound to perceive chances to do as such. Be that as it may, what does plot have to do with genuine? All accounts even authentic ones have a plot, and particularly when you compose story verifiable, you ought to perceive the boundaries you are following or surpassing. Is your profile of an individual or an organization or association, or your record of an occasion or an episode, a story of recovery, or one of hubris, or one of rebel against lack of concern or a foreordained way, or something different? Consider your story’s figurative and symbolic potential, and benefit from its similarity to different stories as you construct it. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Fiction Writing class, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:When to use on and when to utilize inLatin Plural EndingsGrammatical Case in English

Bless Me Essay Example For Students

Favor Me Essay Favor me, Ultima Essay What is confidence? Does everybody have confidence? Is confidence having confidence in something you havent seen however you believe is valid? These inquiries have an answer and in Bless me, Ultima by Rodolfo Anaya these inquiries are significant. Truth be told, numerous individuals question their confidence since they are befuddled about what they see or hear. In Bless me, Ultima, Rudolfo Anaya shows that on this world there are numerous kinds of confidence one has faith in. The creator utilizes symbolism, legends, and dream arrangements to pass on the significance of Bless me, Ultima. Anaya utilizes symbolism to show how Christianity and black magic are two distinct convictions, and they are in struggle with one another. The symbolism gives an image of Tonys strife of Ultima passing on. For instance, When Tony was close to Ultima he realized she was going to kick the bucket. As Ultima was biting the dust, Her voice extremely frail, her eyes previously coated with death. 260 Anaya makes that symbolism for us to perceive what Tony was seeing. Second, Anaya utilizes dream groupings to show that Tony has clashes with himself about his convictions. He addresses his confidence in this fantasy since he fears what he may discover. In his fantasy Tony says, Everything I have faith in was decimated. A difficult twisting in my heart made me cry so anyone might hear, why God? my God, why have you spurned me! 243 Tony can't acknowledge what's going on. For what reason do every single great individuals need to pass on? Truth be told, Anaya utilizes old stories in this story to show that each language there is legends about religions that has confidence in. In this manner, in this part it says The Agua Negra was the place where there is the Commanche Indians. Three Commanche struck the herd of one. So granddad Tellez hanged them and left them hung on a tree. Presently their spirits meandered around the farm. 227 This is one fables from the story. Many are passed down from age to age. All in all, Anaya demonstrated how Tony had numerous contentions with himself about religion and convictions. Any convictions that one has will be not quite the same as somebody elses. In Bless me, Ultima Rodolfo Anaya shows that this world are numerous kinds of religions. However, one has an opportunity to pick ones way throughout everyday life. Regardless of whether is to put stock in a divine being or not.

Vegetables Nutrition and Food Free Essays

Vegetables A vegetable is a piece of a plant devoured by people that is commonly exquisite yet isn't sweet. A vegetable isn't viewed as a grain, natural product, nut, zest, or herb. For instance, the stem, root, blossom, and so forth. We will compose a custom paper test on Vegetables: Nutrition and Food or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now , might be eaten as vegetables. Vegetables contain numerous nutrients and minerals; be that as it may, various vegetables contain various spreads, so it is critical to eat a wide assortment of types. For instance, green vegetables commonly contain nutrient A, dull orange and dim green vegetables contain nutrient C,and vegetables like broccoli and related plants contain iron and calcium. Vegetables are extremely low in fats and calories, yet fixings included arrangement can regularly include these. [edit]Fruits as far as food (instead of herbal science), organic products are the sweet-tasting seed-bearing pieces of plants, or once in a while sweet pieces of plants which don't bear seeds. These incorporate apples, oranges, plums, bananas, and so on. Organic products are low in calories and fat and are a wellspring of common sugars, fiber and nutrients. Preparing natural products when canning or making into juices may include sugars and evacuate supplements. The natural product nutrition type is in some cases joined with the vegetable nutrition type. Note that numerous nourishments considered natural products in organic science since they bear seeds are not viewed as natural products in cooking since they do not have the trademark sweet taste, e. g. , tomatos or avocados. [edit]Oils The food pyramid prompts that fats be expended sparingly. Margarine and oils are instances of fats. Solid wellsprings of fat can be found in fish, nuts, and certain products of the soil, for example, avocados. [edit]Dairy Dairy items are created from the milk of well evolved creatures, most for the most part however not solely steers. They incorporate milk, yogurt and cheddar. Milk and its subsidiary items are a rich wellspring of dietary calcium, yet additionally give protein, phosphorus, nutrient An, and nutrient D. Be that as it may, numerous dairy items are high in immersed fat and cholesterol contrasted with vegetables, foods grown from the ground grains, which is the reason skimmed items are accessible as another option. For grown-ups, three cups of dairy items are suggested every day. [8][9] [edit]Meat and beans Meat is the tissue †for the most part muscle †of a creature devoured by people. Since most pieces of numerous creatures are eatable, there is an immense assortment of meats. Meat is a significant wellspring of protein, just as iron, zinc, and nutrient B12. Meats, poultry, and fish incorporate hamburger, chicken, pork, salmon, fish, shrimp, and eggs. The meat bunch is one of the major compacted nutritional categories in the food direct pyramid. A large number of similar supplements found in meat can likewise be found in nourishments like eggs, dry beans, and nuts, such food sources are ordinarily positioned in a similar classification as meats, as meat options. These incorporate tofu, items that look like meat or fish however are made with soy, eggs, and cheeses. For the individuals who don't devour meat or creature items (see Vegetarianism, veganism and Taboo food and drink), meat analogs, tofu, beans, lentils, chick peas, nuts and other high-protein vegetables are additionally remembered for this gathering. The food control pyramid recommends that grown-ups eat 2â€3 servings every day. One serving of meat is 4 oz (110 g), about the size of a deck of cards. 1. Normal hunger suppressant on the off chance that you are thinking about whether this implies you ought to supplant your standard dinners with gallons of water, no. At the point when our bodies are got dried out, it can here and there misjudge hunger for hunger. In the distressing office condition that we work in, we will for the most part connect for some espresso or snatch anything sweet so it can both give us a fast lift in vitality and simultaneously check what we accept is hunger. Since what our body is really hoping to be hydrated as opposed to being taken care of, this bogus sign of craving will before long return bringing about you enjoying a great deal of superfluous nibbling. We as a whole comprehend what the result of that will be. At the point when you have a jug of water at your work area, you have a higher inclination to drink it than if you needed to continually get it from the storeroom. So toward the beginning of the work day, keep a one liter jug of water at your work area and expect to complete everything by noon. After lunch, recharge that jug and expect to complete it before you finish for the afternoon. For all you espresso consumers, don’t think for a second that every one of those espresso you drink is sufficient to hydrate your body. Caffeine is a diuretic that really get dried out you. So espresso consumers ought to really drink more water. . Improves Fat Metabolism Our liver is an astounding organ that is answerable for using fat among numerous other significant capacities, for example, purifying your collection of poisons, separating liquor, and so on. Processing fat fundamentally implies changing over fat to be utilized as vitality. Drinking water helps weight reduction by guaranteeing your liver is using fat appropriately. At the point when your body is got dried out, your kidney capacities are influenced. On the off chance that your kidneys can't perform appropriately, the liver strides up to take on its obligations and consequently gets over-burden. At the point when that happens the liver won’t have the option to assist you with consuming fat adequately. On the off chance that you practice and don’t drink enough water, this will discredit the fat copying advantages of your exercises inside and out. Never hold up till you are parched to drink water. At the point when your body needs to flag ache to you, that implies you are as of now very nearly drying out and your liver is going to stay at work past 40 hours and in the process influencing your fat consuming viability. 3. Improve practice execution Everyone realizes that keeping up legitimate hydration is essential previously, during and after exercise. In the event that you don't drink adequate water, your blood thickens and it gets more enthusiastically for your body to move oxygen and supplements to your muscles to successfully play out your exercises. On the off chance that you can’t take advantage of your exercises, how are you going to consume fat productively? Moreover, as your activity, your body warms up. Without appropriate hydration, your body sticks on to what small amount water it has. This implies you won't have the option to sweat and chill your body off during exercise bringing about your body overheating and in serious cases, prompting heat stroke. Prior to your activity, expect to drink at any rate a tall glass of water. Keep a huge container of water helpful and drink it continually during your activity to keep yourself hydrated all through the exercise meeting. 4. Consume additional calories Drinking water helps weight reduction by helping your consume additional calories also. Researchers in Germany found that drinking at any rate 500 ml of water at a time expanded our metabolic rate by 30% in a short time. This expanded digestion will continue for as long as 40 minutes and during this time, 100 additional calories are singed. Intend to drink at any rate 2 liters of water when you are in the workplace to wreck to 400 additional calories daily. Toward the start, don’t stress in the event that you are out of nowhere visiting the washroom all the more frequently because of your expanded water consumption. This fair implies your body is presently ready to discharge water that it has been keeping in your body. As you keep on drinking more water, your body will perceive that it doesn’t have store water any longer and will presently taking into account a superior guideline of liquid inside your body. We as a whole realize that water is life. It’s no incident that drinking more water is consistently the exhortation we get at whatever point we are not feeling admirably. So before you connect for the following â€Å"state-of-the-art† fat misfortune pill for the fastest method to get in shape, check out drinking more water. Furthermore, the response to the generally posed inquiry, â€Å"Can drinking water help weight reduction? † will be pleasingly obvious to you. In the event that you work in an office and can’t appear to discover time to get more fit, there are increasingly incredible weight reduction tips to tell you the best way to get thin and theâ quickest approach to get more fit. Additionally, you can get your hands on the free fat misfortune starter pack that has helped numerous others lose up to 5 lbs in the main week. Visit corporatefatlossplan. com now! What is a solid eating regimen? | Hunter-gatherers living on their conventional weight control plans are essentially liberated from heart, malignant growth and other degenerative maladies basic in the western world. | Since this article manages good dieting propensities, an inquiry stays to be replied: what establishes a solid eating regimen? Shockingly, there are a bigger number of assessments about this than there are wellbeing specialists. To additionally entangle the issue, dietary ideas change after some time, leaving the vast majority befuddled and unsure about what or whom to trust. One answer for this issue is to turn out to be adequately educated about the applicable subjects and depend on motivation to make essential determinations. Along withâ personal experimentation, such methodology will empower you to set up smart dieting propensities that work particularly well for your body. This requires some serious energy and requires discipline, yet considering the enduring advantages good dieting can give, the exertion is all the more at that point well justified, despite all the trouble. So as to decide the negligible essential necessities of a sound eating regimen, I inferred that it is sheltered to begin with the accompanying two targets: 1. xamine human eating regimen after some time †the nourishments people devoured since the appearance of our species. 2. look at diets of ethnic gatherings known for their great wellbeing. | The customary living Okinawans and individuals from the other Ryukyu Islands have the most noteworthy life span on the planet. This is somewhat credited to eat less carbs, yet in addition to different factors, for example, way of life, hereditary qualities, and mental prosperity. | Looking at the sort of diets people lived on through outâ pre-history, gives great bits of knowledge into the sort of nourishments human body is very much adjusted at using and managing. Further, the eating regimens of certain ethnic gatherings that are notable for acceptable wellbeing †theâ people of Okinawa (Japan); conventional societies in the Mediterr

Cyclic Voltammetry Principle

Cyclic Voltammetry Principle Cyclic voltammetry is the most generally utilized method for procuring subjective data about electrochemical responses [34, 35]. The intensity of cyclic voltammetry results from its capacity to give impressive data on the thermodynamics and energy of heterogeneous electron move responses [47, 48], and coupled synthetic responses [36, 37]. It likewise gives numerical examination of an electron move process at an anode [41, 49, 50]. Essential Principle of Cyclic voltammetry An electron move process with a solitary advance might be spoken to as; O + ne à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ R (2.1) where O and R are oxidized and diminished type of electoractive species individually, which either is solvent in arrangement or assimilated on the cathode surface and are moved by dispersion alone. Cyclic voltammetry comprises of filtering directly the capability of a fixed working terminal (in an unstirred arrangement), utilizing a triangular potential waveform. Contingent upon the data looked for, single or different cycles can be utilized. During the potential compass, the potentiostat measures the current coming about because of the applied potential. The subsequent plot of current versus potential is named as cyclic voltammogram. The excitation signal in cyclic voltammetry is given in Fig. 2.1a. At first the capability of the cathode is Ei. At that point the potential is cleared directly at the pace of Þâ ½ volts every second. In cyclic voltammetry inversion procedure is done by switching bearing of output after a specific time t =ãžâ » .The potential whenever E (t) is given by E (t) = Ei Þâ ½t t E (t) = Ei 2ãžâ ½Ã£Å¾Ã¢ » + Þâ ½t t㠢†°Ã¢ ¥Ã£Å¾Ã¢ » (2.2b) Hereãžâ ½ is check rate in V/s. The state of the subsequent cyclic voltammogram can be subjectively clarified as follows: At the point when potential is expanded from the area where oxidized structure O is steady, cathodic current begins to stream as potential methodologies E0 for R/O couple until a cathodic pinnacle is reached. Subsequent to crossing the potential district in which the decrease procedure happens, the bearing of potential compass is turned around. The response occurring in the forward sweep can be communicated as O + e-à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ’ R During the converse sweep, R particle (created in the forward half cycle, and aggregated close to the surface) is reoxidized back to O and anodic pinnacle results. R à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¾Ã£ ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ® O + e- In the forward sweep as potential moves past Eo, the close terminal convergence of O tumbles to zero, the mass exchange of O arrives at a most extreme rate, in unstirred arrangement, this rate at that point decreases as the exhaustion of O further and further from anode happens. Prior to dropping again current goes through a most extreme. Inversion of output rehashes the above arrangement of occasions for the oxidation of electrochemically produced R that currently prevails in close anode area. The consistent change in the surface focus is combined with an extension of the dispersion layer thickness (true to form in the calm arrangements). The subsequent current pinnacles in this way mirror the persistent difference in the focus inclination with time, consequently, the expansion to the pinnacle current compares to the accomplishment of dispersion control, while the present drop (past the pinnacle) shows a t-1/2 reliance (autonomous of the applied potential). For the above reasons, the inversion current has a similar shape as the forward one. Electrochemical Cell Electrochemical cell is a fixed vessel which is intended to forestall the passage of air. It has a bay and outlet to permit the immersion of arrangement with an idle gas, N2 or Ar. Expulsion of O2 is normally important to forestall flows because of the decrease of O2 meddling with reaction from framework under investigation. The standard electrochemical cell comprises of three terminals drenched in an electrolyte; Working terminal (WE) Reference terminal (RE) Counter terminal (CE) Working Electrode (WE) The presentation of the voltammetric technique is emphatically impacted by the working cathode material. Since the response of intrigue (decrease or oxidation) happens on working terminal, it ought to give high motion toward commotion attributes, just as a reproducible reaction. Accordingly, its determination relies fundamentally upon two factors: the redox conduct of the objective analyte and the foundation current over the potential district required for the estimation. Different contemplations incorporate the potential window, electrical conductivity, surface reproducibility, mechanical properties, cost, accessibility and poisonousness. A scope of materials have discovered application as working terminals for electroanalysis, the most well known are those including mercury, carbon or honorable metals (especially platinum and gold). Reference Electrode (RE) This utilitarian anode has a consistent potential so it tends to be utilized as reference standard against which capability of other terminal present in the cell can be estimated. Regularly utilized reference anodes are silver-silver chloride or the calomel cathode. Counter of Auxiliary Electrode (CE) It is likewise named as helper cathode and fills in as source or sink for electrons with the goal that current can be passed from outer circuit through the cell. The potential at WE is checked and controlled exactly as for RE by means of potentiostat. This might be controlled thusly by means of interfacing with a PC. The ideal waveform is forced on the potential at the WE by a waveform generator. The potential drop V is generally estimated by the present streaming between the WE and CE over a resistor R (from which (I=V/R), the last associated in arrangement with the two cathodes. The subsequent I/V follow, named as a voltammogram is then either plotted out by means of a XY graph recorder or, where conceivable, held in a PC to permit any ideal information control preceding printed copy being taken. Single Electron Transfer Process Three kinds of single electron move procedure can be examined. Reversible procedure Irreversible procedure Semi reversible procedure In view of estimations of electrochemical parameters, for example top potential Ep, half pinnacle potential (Ep/2), half wave potential (E1/2), top current (ip), anodic pinnacle potential Epa, cathodic pinnacle potential Epc and so forth, it very well may be found out whether a response is reversible, irreversible or semi reversible. Ep is the potential relating to top current ip, Ep/2 is the potential comparing to 0.5 ip, E1/2 is the potential comparing to 0.85 ip. Theseâ electrochemical parameters can be graphically gotten from the voltammogram as appeared in the Fig. 2.2. Reversible Process The heterogeneous exchange of electron from a terminal to a reducible animal groups and the other way around O + ne à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ R is a type of Nernstian terminal response with presumption that at the outside of anode, pace of electron move is fast to the point that a powerful harmony is set up and Nernstian condition holds for example CO(0,t) à ¢Ã«â€ Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ CR(0,t) = Exp[(nFà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬ ¢RT)(Ei-Þâ ½t-Eo)] (2.3) In condition (2.3), Co and CR are grouping of oxidized and diminished species at the outside of terminal as a component of time, Eo is the standard anode potential, Ei is the underlying potential and Þâ ½ is the sweep rate in volts every second. Under these conditions, the oxidized and decreased species engaged with a cathode response are in harmony at the anode surface and such a terminal response is named as a reversible response. Current Expression Because of distinction in convergence of electroactive species at the outside of anode and the focus in the mass, dissemination controlled mass vehicle happens. Ficks second law can be applied to get time subordinate focus dissemination in one component of extending dispersion layer. à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ci(x, t) à ¢Ã«â€ Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã£ ¢Ã«â€ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡t = Dià ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡2Ci(x, t) à ¢Ã«â€ Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã£ ¢Ã«â€ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡x2 (2.4) Pinnacle current is a trademark amount in reversible cyclic voltammetric process. The present articulation is acquired by tackling Ficks law [51]. I = nFACo*(à Ã¢â€š ¬Doa)1/2 à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡(at) (2.5) where I = current, n = number of electrons moved, An is the territory of terminal, Co* is the mass centralization of oxidized species, Do is the dissemination coefficient, à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ (at) is the present capacity and a = nFÃŽÂ ½/RT At 298K, work à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡(at) and the present potential bend arrives at their greatest for the decrease procedure at a potential which is 28.5/n mV more negative than the half wave potential for example at n(Ep-E1/2) = 28.50 mV, à Ã¢â€š ¬1/2㠏†¡(at) = 0.4463 ( Table 2.1). At that point the present articulation for the forward potential sweep becomes (2.6) where ip is the pinnacle present or most extreme current. Utilizing T=298K, Area (An) in cm2, Diffusion coefficient (Do) in cm2/s, grouping of species O (Co*) in moles dm-3 and Scan rate (Þâ ½) in volts sec-1, condition (2.6) takes the accompanying structure, (2.7) Condition (2.7) is called Randles Sevick condition [39, 40]. Demonstrative Criteria of Reversibility Certain all around characterized trademark esteems can be gotten from the voltammogram, for a reversible electrochemical response. Connection between top potential (Ep) and half wave potential (E1/2) for a reversible response is given by, (2.8a) (2.8b) Where E1/2 is potential relating to I = 0.8817ip [41]. At 298 K (2.8c) From conditions (2.8a) and (2.8b) one acquires, (2.9a) At 298K (2.9b) The pinnacle voltage position doesn't adjust as output rate shifts. Now and again, the exact assurance of pinnacle potential Ep isn't simple on the grounds that the watched CV top is fairly more extensive. So it is in some cases increasingly advantageous to report the potential at I = 0.5ip called half pinnacle potential, which can be utilized for E1/2 assurance [52]. (2.10a) At 298 K (2.10b) (2.10c) From conditions (2.8a) and (2.10a) we get, (2.11a) At 298K (2.11b)

Gift Provides $10 Million Endowment for Financial Aid at SIPA and GSAS COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Gift Provides $10 Million Endowment for Financial Aid at SIPA and GSAS COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog If you havent been following SIPA News on our website, you may have missed the announcement about the gift we just received from Kathryn W. Davis that will financially support a few SIPA and GSAS students each year.   This is especially great news for incoming international students who would benefit from these scholarships. The late Kathryn Wasserman Davis ’31 GSAS, ’97 HON, a visionary philanthropist made a bequest of $10 million to support international graduate students at Columbia. This generous donation will provide significant fellowship funding to students at SIPA and GSAS each year beginning in 2014-15. Ms. Davis, who died earlier this year, had a long and remarkable record of philanthropy that included extensive support not only for higher education but for environmental charities and humanitarian projects worldwide. The young Kathryn Wasserman earned a BA at Wellesley, an MA at Columbia, and, at a time when few women did so, a doctorate in political science from the University of Geneva. Russia long held special interest for her, inspiring her book, The Soviets at Geneva: The U.S.S.R. and the League of Nations, 1919-1933. Having traveled extensively with her family as a young woman, she remained a dedicated globetrotter after her marriage to the late Shelby Cullom Davis ’31 GSAS, an investment banker, philanthropist, and former ambassador who died in 1994. In giving tens of millions of dollars to institutions and programs including the Davis United World College Scholars Program, Davis Projects for Peace, Columbia University, and many others, Ms. Davis sought to deepen understanding of global challenges, a cause to which she and her husband dedicated their lives. To now support students who will find solutions to the problems of today and tomorrow is both public-spirited and farsighted. The endowment gift builds on a previous gift from Mr. and Ms. Davis, who in 1991 established one academic chair at GSAS and another at SIPA, where Stephen Sestanovich is the current Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Professor for the Practice of International Diplomacy. Their largesse strengthens the connection between GSAS, where they both studied, and SIPA. Under the terms of the latest bequest, funds will be divided among at least 15 full-time students from Eastern Europe, former Soviet Union, China, and Taiwan. Recipients will be selected by a committee of six faculty members in consultation with the Davis Foundation. Building financial aid resources for our students is a top priority for SIPA, and we are extremely fortunate to have supporters like Kathryn W. Davis who help ensure the School’s continued excellence. SIPA will long be grateful for her generosity.

Describe People Living In Oklahoma During Paleo-Indian Period - 2750 Words

Describe People Living In Oklahoma During Paleo-Indian Period (Essay Sample) Content: NameInstructorCourseDatePaleoindian Period in OklahomaHuman migration into North America is thought to have begun after the Pleistoceneextinctions, which was a period of extreme weather characterized by an extensive cover of ice and glaciers. Anthropologists believe that the Paleoindian period commenced around twelve thousand years ago when humans thought to be from Asia migrated to North America via a land-bridge or merely crafted water vessels (Goebel, Waters and Rourke 1497). In fact, Archeologists suggest that between 11,000 and 8000 B.P., which was in the Paleoindian period, Native Americans occupying the vast prairie region plains of North America Great Plains utilized bifacial-shaped flaked stone technology (Bamforth 55). There is also evidence showing that the people inhabiting North American Great Plains depended on stone tools to sharpen and mold tools that helped them to hunt wild animals and access raw materials (Bamforth 55). Accordingly, this analysis wi ll review evidence obtained in various sites that support the Paleoindian period in Oklahoma. Goebel, Waters, and Rourke (1497) suggested that in the past people believed that the first migrants into America might have roamed through the Great Plains nearly thirteen thousand years ago. Accordingly, scientists concur that the Great Plains of North Americas early inhabitants may have come from Asia through the Bering Strait as a land-bridge formed that and allowed them to traverse across the Arctic Ocean and make way into America (Goebel, Waters and Rourke 1497). They also have uncovered evidence of fluted and non-fluted spear points, which matched Paleoindian cultures that lived in the middle and the end of the Paleoindian period (Hofman et al. 26). The Pre-Clovis Culture There have been a few debates that tend to find out whether the Great Plains were inhabited initially by another culture before the Clovis people. Some experts believe that some evidence obtained from pre-Clovis sit es could be the answer to this fact-impeding query. In Kiowa County, Oklahoma, the Cooperton site located the Southwestern part of the state may have provided evidence of Pre-Clovis culture, where the remains of a corpse belonging to an immature male mammoth were found in the alluvial deposits. Various cobbles were found near the carcass remains, and the archeologists interpreted them as hammerstones. A boulder, which was relatively small was also located near the site, and it was suggested that it was an anvil (Hofman et al. 27). The mammoths remains showed that the bones might have been intentionally broken by individuals who may have wanted to extract the bone marrow for food or may have utilized them as tools. However, no evidence was gathered to support that the mammoth was hunted by human beings (Hofman et al. 27). The bone remains of the mammoth were taken through a series of radiocarbon dating, which showed that the carcass was aged between 17,000 and 21, 000 years before pr esent. The fractures on the mammoths bones may have been as a result of trampling, and experts suggest that the site could have been a location for bone quarrying or human scavenging during the pre-Clovis era (Hofman et al. 28).In Oklahoma, there were some pre-Clovis sites that were exposed in the northern part. These sites have brought forth numerous debates about the topic of pre-Clovis evidence in the state. In Woodward County, the remains of a mammoths skeleton that had spiral fractures were found at a site named, the Bartow mammoth site (Stout 17). Nevertheless, there were no diagnostic artefacts at the location mentioned above. Still, in Woodward County, a second pre-Clovis site was exposed, and it consisted of a skeleton from the extinct bison. With the bison frame, archeologists found what they considered to be human-made flakes. However, the site could not provide evidence of any cultural affiliation (Stout 18).The Clovis PeopleThe start of the Paleoindian period was exhibi ted by the occupation of the earliest humans to be documented in North America, the Clovis people. Although there has been evidence of older occupations in other parts of the America continents, many archeologists agree that the Clovis persons were the first inhabitants of the Great Plains (Stout 22). In fact, many archeological sites support the finding because so many artifacts have been identified in various places ranging from New Mexico to Canada. The Blackwater Draw Locality in New Mexico was the first site that provided objects that proved that the Clovis people inhabited North America during the Paleoindian period (Stout 22). Typical Clovis fashioned tools that exhibited lanceolate points with flutes and basal grinding were located near mammoth remains in the Northern part of New Mexico. Tools with fluted ends have been uncovered in some sections of the Atlantic coast and California. However, most of the Clovis sites are concentrated in the vast prairie regions of North Amer ica (Hofman et al. 29).According to the evidence obtained from various places, anthropologists infer that the primary economic activity of the Clovis persons seemed to concentrate on hunting mammoths. In Oklahoma, different archeological sites provide varying evidence supporting the occupation of Clovis people during the Paleoindian period (Hofman et al. 29). The artifacts retrieved from these sites usually indicate an age ranging between 12,000 to 10,000 years. The age corresponds to the appearance of the Clovis people and the extinction of the mammoth species (Stout 23). The Domebo site is located in Caddo County, which is in the Southeastern part of Oklahoma and it offers great insight into the Clovis culture. Adrian Anderson and Buck Patterson found parts of the remains of a mammoths vertebrae, skull, and tusk that were revealed in a fine sedimentation of bluish-gray silt. The mammoths remains were discovered in a spring-fed rivers bank. Other bones were revealed when heavy rain s destroyed a dam and caused the bottom of a deep ravine to be exposed. Near the mammoths carcass, fluted points that resembled those utilized by the Clovis people were unearthed. Additionally, other fluted points were discovered with the mammoths skeletal material (Stephens 153). Calvin Graybill SiteAccording to Thurmond (291), a Clovis archeological site was exposed in Dewey County in southwestern Oklahoma, which is known as the Calvin Graybill. As explained by Thurmond, the site was located in the uplands close to the ridge that divides the Canadian and Washita rivers in the western part of Oklahoma. There were flake tools that were discovered on the surface and the fact that the tools showed functional harmony in the assemblage and the lack of campsite debris indicated that the tools belonged to a culture that existed during the Paleoindian period (Thurmond 291). According to Stout, the site contained one tooth fragment and many lithic materials indicating evidence of the Clovis cultures (Stout 23). When the site was discovered about six decades ago, four lithic tools and a projectile point belonging to the Clovis community were found by the team of archaeologists in the area (Stout 24). Thurmond shows that the site was highly disturbed as various constructions had been carried out near the site and most of the artifacts may have been destroyed (Thurmond 291). During the Paleoindian period, some of the tools were composed of non-local materials such as Ogallala, Dakota quartzite, and dolomite (Stout 24). The site provided tools that were made from dolomite that was Alibates agatized. These tools included several flakes and a projectile. Two flakes made from Dakota and Ogallala quartzite were found together with scrapers that were retooled and altered (Stout 24). The scrapers seemed to be composed of different materials, which included Dakota and Ogallala quartzite. All the tools resembled and pointed to those utilized by Paleoindian hunters. They epi tomized a Paleoindians equipment that had the same scrapers, knives, and projectile sections. According to Stout (24), the Alibates equipment had been utilized substantially, and experts guess that the tool creators had may not have visited the Alibates excavation location once more (Stout 24). In fact, many of the relics uncovered at the Calvin Graybill area symbolized the distinctive Clovis culture. Besides, they resembled others discovered in various Clovis areas throughout the North American Great Plains. As suggested by Stout, these tools may have been used by the Clovis people in the Paleoindian period to hunt animals and aid in processing the animals remains (Stout 24). Jake Bluff SiteCarlson, Bement, Culleton and Kennett describe the Jake Bluff site, which is in the northwestern part of Oklahoma along the Beaver River, where evidence of Clovis-aged bison bones was found dispersed along a floodplain (Carlson et al. 201). The plain is famous for its abundance of artifacts res embling other tools from Paleoindian sites hence showing proof of hunting sites around that area (Stout 25). As Carlson et al. shows, the Jake Bluff site was very close to the Cooper site where Folsom materials had been excavated (Carlson et al. 201). The bluff where the bison bones were discovered overlooks the floodplain adjacent to the Beaver River, and the bones had accumulated on the rim of a paleo-arroyo (Stout 25). The bison bones were concentrated in a four square meter unit, where the identifiable components included lumbar vertebrae, femur, sacrum, carpal, and ulna (Carlson et al. 202). A thorough examination of the bison bones revealed that they belonged to an extinct animal labeled Bison antiquus, a species of the bison genus that existed in the Paleoindian period (Stout 25). The lithic artifacts found at Jake Bluff location were similar to th...

Technology Networking Project Tools and Better Utilization...

Technology, Networking, Project Tools, and Better Utilization of Social and Corporate Capital in the Provision of Legal Services to Low-Income Sector Statement of Thesis Use of project management tools in the form of information technology tools serves to enable the Legal Services organization in achieving its mission while doing so in a manner that does not create great expense for the organization. Included in these tools are networking, project tools, optimized use of corporate and social capital in the organization and continuous improvement for meeting the stated organizational mission of legal services organizations. Introduction This work addresses improving the service delivery process in a non-profit organization that provides legal services to low-income individuals. The problem that is faced by the staff of the legal services organization is one that has arisen due to reductions in funding of the organization. This has resulted in the organization being limited in terms of the caseload that it is capable of taking on effectively. The methodology utilized in this study is qualitative in nature and involves intense examination of the organizations resources both in terms of funding and in terms of social capital of the organization in addition to the need for continuous improvement and optimization of all organizational resources. Networking is examined and technology applications that enable optimization of all organizational time and resources. It isShow MoreRelatedPrject 587 final course project7331 Words   |  30 Pages Project Course Project Final Hewlett Packard Advanced Program Management Program Management Plan April 10, 2013 I. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 II. Organizational Strategic Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 a) Mission statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 b) Long term Goals†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 c) Methods for attaining goals†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Read MoreCorporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Capital6173 Words   |  25 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility and Emergent Models in Management of Stakeholder Capital in Philippine Conglomerates Serafin D. Talisayon Fifth International Research Workshop on Asian Business Singapore Management University, Singapore 13 April 2009 Abstract The paper adopts a social benefit-cost analysis framework to look at three stages in the historical development of management of stakeholder capital of corporations in the Philippines. The first two stages were government-driven. Stage OneRead MoreInformation and Communication Technology as Bedrock of the Nation13285 Words   |  54 PagesFOREWORD This revised policy underlines the desired need for appropriate cutting-edge technologies that will propel the country through and beyond the 21st century. This vision policy is therefore designed to underpin the nation’s socio-economic progress and development. 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Effective knowledge management enhances products, speeds deployments, increase sales, improves profits and creates customer satisfaction. It is widely known that Knowledge Management (KM) as a discipline and a tool is meant to provide an integrated way to identify, capture, reshape, and, share, the organization’s information assets so as to create faster response time for seekers in the organization. It is often a debatable question if  KM should be a separateRead MoreCollaborative Working Environments Have Played a Big Role in the Present Global Business Environment3254 Words   |  14 Pagesresults, via empowerment and technology. Globalization is a quickly developing incorporation of economies and societies around the globe, leading to rising connectivity, combination and interdependence in the social, technological, economical, and political spheres. It is comprised of growing mobility of products, services, capital, labor and technology. Primary forces spearheading globalization are the loosening of markets and the effect of information communication technologies (ICTs) on goods, processesRead MoreBusi 1604 DOC Essays1769 Words   |  8 Pagessuccess? Discuss in relation to two Sectors. Table of Contents Introduction 4 The business value of collaboration 5 Information technology 5 Automotive Industry 6 Conclusion 8 References 8 Introduction Collaboration is a joint effort and well-defined relationship entered into by two or more organizations to accomplish a task or project. Successful collaboration is defined as â€Å"a win/win arrangement that is likely to provide improved business success for both parties†. (McClellanRead MoreManagement of Information Systems8243 Words   |  33 Pagesyour own business more competitive, efficient, and profitable. As part of its ongoing effort to monitor quality, efficiency and costs, Toyota management saw there was an opportunity to use information systems to improve business performance. 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As an important note, when you consider the utilization of these social media sites, it doesn’t take long to realize the potential exposure that a business could have, if it chooses to leverageRead MoreProject Management and Supply Chain7028 Words   |  29 Pageshave standardized definitions and formats that are accepted by the entire organization. C) Enterprise software is expressly built to allow companies to mimic their unique business practices. D) Enterprise software includes analytical tools to evaluate overall organizational performance. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 26) You have been asked to implement enterprise software for a manufacturer of kitchen appliances. What is the first step you should

Questions On Authentic Assessment And Quality Assessment...

For your paper, respond to the following: 1. What you know understand about authentic assessment? 2. Why the term â€Å"authentic†? 3. What kinds of assessments are authentic? Why? 4. What are rubrics and what role do they play in authentic assessment? 1. Authentic assessment Authentic assessment is a type of alternative assessments. It evaluates students’ learning progress and achievement through performing tasks that enhance and resemble language use in real-life settings. According to O’Malley and Valdes Pierce (1996), â€Å"the key requirement of an authentic assessment is that it requires the test taker to demonstrate that they are able to complete a particular task or tasks that resemble something that they are likely to have to do in real life† (As cited in Coombe, Purmensky Davidson, 2012, p. 148). Authentic assessment is also referred to as performance assessment, alternative assessment, and direct assessment (Mueller, 2005). It is known as performance assessment because it allows students to perform meaningful tasks. It is an alternative assessment because it suggests an alternative way to the traditional standardized assessment. Last, it is known as a direct assessment because its results are directly linked to students’ knowledge and skills in real-life settings. In other words, it provides direct evidence of students’ learning progress. However, it is necessary to note that authentic assessments should not substitute the traditional assessment but usedShow MoreRelatedThe Performance Of The Spring Concert1675 Words   |  7 PagesAchievement in band is often judged by the band’s performance at concerts. Concerts are typically considered the culminating event of the class. Students, parents, and teachers alike judge the quality of learning by the qualit y of performance. The spring concert is compared to the winter concert to show how much the ensemble has improved throughout the school year and therefore how much learning has taken place (Barden, 2009). Douglas Orzolek, a music education expert in the state of Minnesota, attendedRead MoreAssessment And Data Driven Instruction1495 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment: What is it good for? Rationale Assessment and data driven instruction are a vital part of teaching. Assessments are used frequently to guide the proceeding lessons. I am interested in learning more about the different types of assessments and the appropriate uses of each. I think it is critical as a future teacher to have many resources to back up my techniques, especially with the growing interest in data and tracking students’ progress. Gathering information about assessments willRead MoreThe Writing Achievement Test Is A Low Stake Exam Essay1316 Words   |  6 Pagesto real-life situations. Basing the test on this supports the appropriate teaching of writing skills as it is comparable to what they have practiced in their textbook. Hence, practice for the test is also practicing the skills, in a way that is authentic and applicable to contexts outside of the classroom. The direct testing encourages the teacher to have the students practice the production of written texts. It encourages the development o f writing skills. According to Hughes (2003), it is usuallyRead MoreAssessment and Learners Essay1015 Words   |  5 Pages4 Understand how to involve learners and others in assessment 4.1 Explain the importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process Assessment is all about making judgements. A major argument for involving students in self and peer-assessment is that it helps them to develop the ability to make judgements, in particular about themselves and their work. This is an important life skill as well as an academic one. 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New Article Reveals the Low Down on Gkt Essay Topics and Why You Must Take Action Today

New Article Reveals the Low Down on Gkt Essay Topics and Why You Must Take Action Today Another means to help get a clearer idea about the college essay is read about other college essay that was done by other people. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. Log into the net, there are several websites that supply the sample college essay. There's no one best approach to compose the college entrance essay. Thus, you've got to consider from the view of an artist to come up with a superior body paragraph of A level essay. So without further ado, below are some effective writing tips to produce your common app essay stick out! Your thesis ought to be relevant so the post can use a structure that's flexible in order to fit in the shoes of the readers. If you're struggling, you always have the option to get help by employing an essay writing service such as ours. Rumors, Deception and Gkt Essay Topics Arguments alw ays happen in a particular context. Remember your essay is about solving problems, therefore a solution ought to be a highlight of the essay. If as you are preparing a report you just analyze specific literature, the essay demands a superb penetration into the issue. Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to individuals who are quite interested in how you'll manage the subsequent four years all on your own. Since you can see, a number of the topics listed are new and handle the present issues happening in the World today. Colleges are not searching for perfect individuals. They are looking for a sense of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your personal growth. Whatever college essay topic you select or are assigned, the trick is to compose a superior stand-out essay. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but don't forget to do your homework on what the recent laws about you r favorite topic actually say. Categories, essay topics might be divided into. Choice of the essay topic is important portion of your efforts to compose a great essay. A proposal essay is quite easy to comprehend. Argumentative essays are a few of the best that you can write as a student. When you are finished with your essay, you must not just check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. Thanks to the correct option of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you wish to accomplish in your essay, there are plenty of categories essay themes may be broken into. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. Persuasive or argumentative essays are intended to convince the audience of ones viewpoint about a specific topic. Gkt Essay Topics Help! So you don't actually wish to obtain a topic! You should have noticed that each topic is significantly related to the some sort of mystery since if you won't create suspense and unveil the unknown then you won't be in a position to pull in the readers attention at any instance. If you get to select your own topic, that's wonderful. It's possible to go for an intriguing topic from any area of science. Your stories aren't debatable. Even if a specific research paper topic is getting plenty of buzz at the moment or other individuals seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic if you don't genuinely have some kind of interest in it also. At precisely the same time, detecting cause and effect relationships isn't that easy in regards to the selection of a great cause and effect essay topic. It's highly recommended that you just choose the topic that you're able to deal with, for instance, if you're not t sketching the personality characteristics then you need to better not elect for it. Write about a problem which you have or wish to fix. Don't neglect to explain why the predicament is significant to you! The essay is easily among the most troublesome sections of the college application procedure. Sure, with this kind of a big number of topics to select from, picking just one may be challenging. The process can help make certain you continue t o be on the appropriate track. If you are able to write a really convincing piece on a real-world application utilizing unique facts and research, then your opportunities receiving admission to a top level university will surely grow! An exceptional title will capture the interest of the reader and enhance your odds of obtaining a high score. It is preferable to search online because it will save yourself a plenty of time. If it's necessary to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. There are many steps that you should take as a way to write a great essay. The Rise of Gkt Essay Topics In open-ended essay assignments, picking an essay topic gets crucial to the general success of the bit of writing. 1 important thing which you should do when writing your essay is to help it become personal. In general, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of a cademic writing. If you've ever taken an on-line class, you understand how different it can be from a classic face-to-face course. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. Students are accustomed to the fact which their professors give them with the assignment's topic. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on various views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject.

Seeing Is Believing - 894 Words

Seeing is believing by Maksym Tavolzhanskyi Seeing is believing is an idiom first recorded in this form in 1639 that means only physical or concrete evidence is convincing. In life we always use the rule until I see with my own eyes I will not believe. People are so accustomed to trust their feelings perception of objects, which often do not even realize whether feelings deceive? But we also can`t definitely state that human sense perception gain the absolutely wrong or right information. It depends on the frame of reference, everything is subjective. Inaccuracy of knowledge gained from experience is possible because of a huge amount of limitations on our sense perception. Every person is not identical and has different abilities.†¦show more content†¦3)What we perceive depends upon the relationship between the perceiver and what is perceived. (The sun and the moon appear to us having the size of a large balls, but we know them to be much larger.) What we perceive depends upon the state of our sense organs, their health and sensitivity. What we perceive also depends upon the state of our brains, for sense-experience depends upon the brain. (when chemistry of the brain is altered then strange sensory phenomena may result.) We tend to see what we are prepared to see. ( The expectations we have may be the result either of our general cultural background, or our past experiences.) We are likely to miss something we are looking for. We tend to see what other people see. First ideas whether we can trust our senses appeared 5th century BC in Greece. Those philosophies were scepticism and empirism. Scepticism is the philosophical view that it is impossible to know anything with absolute certainty, or to know the world as it really is. Scepticim is divided into local (ordinary doubt) for example is that bird or plane in other words the facts which can be checked and global also called as philosophical doubt for example are my senses mistaken all the time? - can`t be checked. Good example of global skepticism are the ideas of films â€Å"Matrix† and â€Å"Inception† (2010) with Leonardo DiCaprio, where the world of high technology exists to enter the human mind through dream invasion, the ideaShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Judith Lorber s Believing Is Seeing : Biology As Ideology, And Sharlene Nagy Hesse s Article1038 Words   |  5 Pagesexercising because his friends and family enjoy such activities. On the flip side, a young woman starves herself because her friends starve themselves; they all desire to look skinny and to match magazine models. 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The Hunters Phantom Chapter 24 Free Essays

Elena hung up her cel phone as they puled up to the boardinghouse in Stefan’s car. â€Å"The nurse at the hospital says Caleb’s stil unconscious,† she said. â€Å"Good,† said Stefan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 24 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She gave him a reproving glance and he stared back at her in exasperation. â€Å"If he’s unconscious,† he explained, â€Å"it’l give us more of a chance to figure out what spel he’s cast on us.† They’d fil ed three fat black trash bags with the papers, clippings, and books they’d found in the Smal woods’ garden shed. Elena had been afraid to disturb the pentagram with the roses and photographs around it on the shed floor, in case that would affect the spel somehow, but she’d taken a couple of pictures of it with her cel phone. Matt came out and picked up one of the bags. â€Å"Bringing over some garbage?† â€Å"Something like that,† Elena said grimly, and fil ed him in on what they’d discovered at the Smal wood house. Matt grimaced. â€Å"Wow. But maybe now we can final y do something about what’s been happening.† â€Å"How come you’re here so early?† Elena asked, fol owing him toward the house. â€Å"I thought you weren’t coming onto guard duty until ten.† Stefan trailed along behind her. â€Å"I spent the night,† Matt told her. â€Å"After Bonnie’s name appeared, I didn’t want to let her out of my sight.† â€Å"Bonnie’s name appeared?† Elena whirled accusingly on Stefan. â€Å"Why didn’t you tel me?† Stefan shrugged uncomfortably. â€Å"I didn’t know,† he confessed hesitantly. â€Å"Stefan, I told you to protect Meredith and Celia,† she snapped. â€Å"You were supposed to be here. Even before Bonnie’s name showed up, it was Meredith and Celia who were in danger. I was relying on you to watch over them.† Stefan glared back at her. â€Å"I’m not your lapdog, Elena,† he said quietly. â€Å"I saw a mysterious threat that I thought bore investigation. I acted to protect you. And I was right. The danger was more immediate to you than the others. And now we have a chance to piece together the spel .† Elena blinked at his tone but couldn’t deny the truth in his words. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she said contritely. â€Å"You’re right. I’m glad we discovered Caleb’s shed.† Matt opened the front door. They dumped the bags in the hal and went through to the kitchen, where Mrs. Flowers, Alaric, and Meredith were enjoying a breakfast of croissants, jam, fruit, and sausages. â€Å"Celia’s gone,† Meredith said to Elena as soon as they entered the room. Her tone was casual y informative, but her usual y cool gray eyes were twinkling, and Elena shared a secret smile with her friend. â€Å"Where’d she go?† Elena asked, equal y casual y, reaching for a croissant. It had been a long morning, and she was starving. â€Å"University of Virginia,† Alaric answered. â€Å"She’s hoping to get some leads by doing research on curses and folk magic.† â€Å"We might have some more information now,† Elena announced around a mouthful of deliciously buttery croissant. She explained what they had found in the shed. â€Å"We brought al the papers and Caleb’s notebooks with us. And here’s what he’d laid out on the floor.† She pul ed out her phone, loaded the picture, and handed it to Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"My goodness,† said the old woman. â€Å"This certainly looks like dark magic. I wonder what that child thought he was doing.† Stefan snorted. â€Å"He’s no child, Mrs. Flowers. I strongly suspect he’s a werewolf as wel as a dark magician.† Mrs. Flowers looked at him sternly. â€Å"He’s found the wrong way of going about looking for his cousin, that’s for certain. But this magic looks rather amateurish to me. If it has worked, it wil have been more by accident than design.† â€Å"If it’s worked?† Meredith asked. â€Å"I think the evidence suggests that whatever he’s done worked.† â€Å"Surely it would be too much of a coincidence for Caleb to be trying to cast spel s on us and for an unexplained curse to be affecting us as wel ,† Alaric noted. â€Å"Where’s Caleb now?† Matt asked, frowning. â€Å"Does he know you found al this? Do we need to track him down and keep an eye on him?† Stefan crossed his arms. â€Å"He’s in the hospital.† There was a little pause as the others looked at one another and decided, based on Stefan’s stony demeanor, not to delve deeper. Meredith glanced questioningly at Elena, and Elena nodded slightly to say, I’ll explain later. She turned to Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"Can you tel what spel Caleb was using? What was he trying to do?† Mrs. Flowers stared thoughtful y at the picture. â€Å"It’s an interesting question,† she said. â€Å"Roses are typical y used in love spel s, but the pentagram and multiple pictures around it suggest a darker intent here. The roses’ unusual crimson color would probably make them more effective. They might be used to evoke other passions as wel . My best guess would be that Caleb was trying to control your emotions in some way.† Elena cast a sudden glance at Stefan, taking in his guarded expression and tense shoulders. â€Å"But that’s as much as I can tel you for now,† Mrs. Flowers continued. â€Å"If the rest of you want to look through Caleb’s notebooks for clues, Bonnie and I can research the magical properties of roses and what spel s they could be used in.† â€Å"Where is Bonnie?† Elena asked. Although she’d had the sense that something was missing, she’d only just consciously realized that the petite redhead wasn’t among the group in the kitchen. â€Å"Stil sleeping,† Meredith said. â€Å"You know how she loves to sleep in.† She grinned. â€Å"Bonnie was definitely enjoying being the damsel in peril and having everybody fussing over her last night.† â€Å"I thought she was being real y brave,† Matt said unexpectedly. Elena eyed him. Was he beginning to feel something romantic for Bonnie? They’d be good together, she thought, and was surprised to feel a tiny twinge of possessive anger mixed in with her speculative matchmaking. Matt has always been yours, after all, a hard voice whispered to her. â€Å"I’l go up and wake her,† Meredith said cheerful y. â€Å"No rest for the witches.† She swung to her feet and headed for the stairs, limping only slightly. â€Å"How’s your ankle?† Elena asked. â€Å"You look a lot better.† â€Å"I heal fast,† Meredith said. â€Å"I guess it’s part of the vampire-hunter thing. I didn’t need the cane by the time I went to bed last night, and this morning it feels almost back to normal.† â€Å"Lucky you,† said Elena. â€Å"Lucky me,† Meredith agreed, grinning at Alaric, who smiled back admiringly. Showing off, she ran lightly up the stairs, leaning only a little on the banister for support. Elena took another croissant and spread jam on it. â€Å"The rest of us should start going through al the papers and things we took from Caleb’s shed. Alaric, as you’re the only one other than Mrs. Flowers and Bonnie who knows much about magic, you can take his notebooks and I’l – â€Å" She broke off as a scream came from overhead. â€Å"Meredith!† shouted Alaric. Later, Elena didn’t real y remember getting upstairs. There was just a flash of shoving limbs and pandemonium as everyone tried to get up the narrow staircase as quickly as possible. At the door of the little cream-and-rose bedroom at the end of the hal , Meredith stood, white-faced and stricken. She turned large panicked gray eyes toward them and whispered, â€Å"Bonnie.† Inside, Bonnie’s smal figure lay motionless facedown on the floor, one pajamaed arm flung out toward the door. Unlit black and white candles were in a ring behind her, one black candle knocked over. There was a smudge of what looked like mostly dried blood inside the candle ring, and a weathered book lay open beside it. Elena pushed past Meredith and knelt beside the stil figure, feeling at her neck for a pulse. She let out the breath she’d been holding as she felt Bonnie’s heartbeat, steady and strong, beneath her fingers. â€Å"Bonnie,† she said, shaking her by the shoulder, then gently rol ing her over. Bonnie flopped without resistance onto her back. She was breathing regularly, but her eyes stayed closed, her long lashes dark against her freckled cheeks. â€Å"Somebody cal an ambulance,† Elena said quickly. â€Å"I’l do it,† Meredith said, breaking out of her frozen stance. â€Å"We don’t need an ambulance,† Mrs. Flowers said quietly, gazing down at Bonnie with an expression of sorrow on her face. â€Å"What are you talking about?† Meredith snapped. â€Å"She’s unconscious! We have to get her help.† Mrs. Flowers’s eyes were grave. â€Å"The doctors and nurses at the hospital won’t be able to help Bonnie,† she said. â€Å"They might even hurt her by interfering with ineffective medical solutions to a nonmedical problem. Bonnie’s not sick; she’s under a spel . I can feel the magic thick in the air. The best thing we can do is to make her as comfortable as we can here while we look for a cure.† Matt stepped forward into the room. His face was aghast, but he wasn’t looking at Bonnie’s motionless form on the floor. He raised one hand and pointed. â€Å"Look,† he said. Near the bed, a tray containing a smal teapot, a cup, and a plate had been knocked over onto the floor. The cup had smashed and the teapot lay on its side, tea leaves spil ing out in a long, dark curve across the floor. A curve that spel ed out a name. How to cite The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 24, Essay examples

Feral Chrenild free essay sample

The acute post-traumatic period is characterized by an attempt by the child to reorganize, reevaluate and restore their pre-traumatic world. Many of the emotional, behavioral and cognitive signs and symptoms of the acute post-traumatic period are due to these efforts†. As bizarre as it may sound these are some of the issues that we are forced to be reckoned with. ? Background on feral children Although it is obvious that an abandoned child will not learn to speak properly, this was not always understood, what many feral children do learn is to mimic animal sounds, and the Sounds of their host family, those that have lived on their own in the wild learn to adept, recognize and imitate the sounds of many different animals. In the Opt omen Television production Feral Children, Oxana Malaya can be seen running around on all fours and barking like a dog. Oxana Malaya a Russian girl (born November 1983) was found as an 8-year-old feral child in Ukraine in 1991, having lived most of her life in the company of dogs. We will write a custom essay sample on Feral Chrenild or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She picked Up a number of dog-like habits and found it difficult to master language. Oxana’s Alcoholic parents were unable to care for her. They lived in an impoverished area where There were wild dogs roaming the streets, she lived in a dog kennel from the age of three Behind her house where she was cared for by dogs and learned their behaviors and Mannerisms she growled, barked, and crouched like a wild dog, sniffed at her food Before she ate, and was found to have extremely acute senses of hearing, Smell and sight. In 2006 Oxana was institutionalized for mental illness where she help Looks after Cows. (sight) Feral children brought up by animals develop a particularly good sense of smell, hearing, and excellent sight especially at night. However, they are quite impervious to heat, cold, rain, and showed no perception of hot and, cold, feral children also carries a offensive odor that wouldnt leave them despite washing, and weeks or months on a normal diet. Many physical changes that Feral children do undergo are brought about by walking on all fours, their muscles Develop differently they acquire calluses’ on their palms, knees, Ankles, and other leg joints because there are accustom to being bent most of the time. Feral children are Usually both strong, and very physically fit, they can run (on all fours), climb and jump With great rapidity, undoubtedly the lack of normal developmental stimuli has a devastating impact on the development of the human brain. Feral children would not be Classified as human bearing any of the traditional criteria, however, generally speaking, we now Accept as human someone who is clearly genetically human, regardless of their intelligence, Abilities or skills when it comes to the mind, feral children do not think about either them selves or others in the way most humans do, Through the work of Dr Bruce Perry, we know that Without the stimulation that takes place in a normal childhood, the brains of feral children are smaller and malformed, such is the impact of the lack of development. The deprivation associated with the isolation from human society that feral children experience During those critical formative years has a profound effect on every aspect of their development, And socialization, they dont know how to socialize, and dont want to socialize. Feral children do not like human company and would go at lengths to avoid it, rarely showing Signs of attachment, and would sit facing the corner, their face entirely expressionless. Feral children show no interest in other children their own age or in games they play, not even to recognize their own reflection. Children brought up by animals’ exhibit the social behavior of their adoptive families. They lap drinks, and learn animal sounds, and gestures like an animal would. Emotionally feral children are known not to laugh or cry although some do develop an attachment. Feral children are also known for sudden fits of anger biting, scratching others, and even themselves made worse by the fact that they were raised in the wild. It has long been thought that there is some sort of connection between autism and feral children, many accounts of feral children clearly describe patterns of behavior that we would now associate with autism. â€Å"Firstly, autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning there are varying degrees of Severity, Common traits include poor social interaction skills, a good rote memory, an Attention to detail, failure to understand abstract concepts, lack of empathy, lack of Creativity, severe sensory problems, and intolerance towards change and, thats the Thing people notice the most. So here lies yet another hole in the autism / feral child Connection†. Autism and Feral Children, by Andrew Teo. Rehabilitation of feral Children The rehabilitation of feral children can take months or years depending on the severity Of their early childhood development and time spend on their own in the wild, the Rehabilitation purpose can include a verity of Stages such as language development, physical development and the need to understand human behavior. Researche have Shown some feral children choosing not to wear cloth and rather being naked not wanting to eat with proper utensils spoon or fork but rather with their mouth like animals. The Rehabilitation of feral children, the process is slow and time consuming but with the help Of dedicated doctors, therapy, love, and care there are a few cases of feral children Who have been rehabilitated and somewhat Functional in society weather it may be Working with animals like Genie or struggling with the everyday transition back into society. The integration of Feral Children back into society There are a few cases of feral children who have successfully been integrated Into society, once such case was recently aired on the Oprah Winfred show and Caught the attention of many fewer around the world, and showed how children Are been abused, abandon and severally mistreated by the hands of love one. †¢Danielle now 9 years old who was lock away from civilization and know nothing About human contact, could not speak, could not dress herself and was afraid of Human was discovered July 13, 2005. Danielle is now attending occupational and physical therapy, she also attend speech classes, and horseback riding. Thanks to her adapted family Danielle is know Successfully integrated and coping with society. †¢Another case is Oxana now 22, has made good progress; she has learned to talk which is unusual in cases of feral children. Oxana demonstrate the ability of a five year old. Today Oxana lives in the Baraboy Clinic in Odessa where she works with farm animals under the care of her doctors. Conclusion No matter how fascinating, scientifically interesting some of These stories may seem it isnt much fun to be a feral child, wolf boy or wild girl We shouldnt forget that all these children have been abandoned, neglected Even cruelly abused, some of the stories are quite harrowing which, is why it is Always important for parents, care givers to give the love and care desire for a Long healthy life style from an early age within a Childs life.

Van Gogh Biography Essays - Vincent Van Gogh, Van Gogh Museum

Van Gogh Biography Vincent Van Gogh Vincent was born on March 30, 1853, in the village of Groot Zunbert in the Dutch province of North Brabant. At sixteen, he left school. Through the influence of Uncle Cent, a place was found for him in the office of Goupil and Cie at The Hague. Goupil's was a conservative house, specializing in well-made reproductions of famous paintings. When he was twenty Vincent was transferred, with a fine recommendation, to the London branch of Goupil's. He found a room in the home of Mrs. Loyer, who with her daughter Ursula. In 1875 Uncle Cent arranged for him to be transferred to the Paris office in the hope that his spirits might be revived by a change in scene. Here he became increasingly careless in his work. He was given three months notice, and then six years of training as an art dealer ended. He was almost twenty-three, unemployed, and had not the slightest idea what he would do next. Vincent decided to return to England, where he found a job as a teacher in a boarding school. After he gave up that job, he took another teaching job at a school in Isleworth. As a young man, Vincent Van Gogh's strongest compulsion was to love and help mankind. The son of a minister, he chose quite naturally to take up religion. However, his evangelical mission was a disaster. The major reason Van Gogh committed him to being an artist was that through art he could pour out his feelings. If he could not alleviate the hard life of the poor Dutch peasant, at least he could show his compassion in drawing and paintings. Perhaps this was his way to a communion with God. In any case, it was in this crucible that his art was formed. In his short life, Van Gogh wrote nearly a thousand letters, often several a day. However, even as he was writing so expressively Van Gogh apparently felt that words were not as distinct as pictures. Having decided at twenty-seven that his mission in life was to become an artist, he established his first "studio" in the cottage of a Borinage coal miner. He paid the rent with small sums sent by his father and commenced his education in a rage of work. From The Hague the manager of Goupil's branch office Theo sent textbooks on anatomy and perspective. Theo suggested that Vincent join him in Paris, but Vincent seems to have been reluctant to venture into what was then the center of the art world. Instead, in the fall of 1880, he went to Brussels and moved into the cheapest hotel he could find. Vincent remained in Brussels during the winter 1880-1881, struggling with his draftsmanship and reporting his progress to Theo. At this time, Vincent's colors were still dark. The Potato Eaters is ordinarily called Van Gogh's first "masterpiece". There are no references to religion in Vincent's remarks about The Potato Eaters. Eight months after his father's death Vincent left Holland, never to return. The benefit of his three-month visit in Antwerp was an increased exposure to color, or, more accurately, increased thought about it. Van Gogh was soon to be the most intense colorist of his time. He sensed that color has meaning that transcends mere visual impressions. When Van Gogh arrived in Paris in 1886, he was eager to learn and ready to be stimulated by new experiences. In two years, he went through a complete change as a painter. Brightness and lightness flooded his work. He painted serene caf? interiors and breeze swept landscapes. The dark figures of laborers at work were replaced by close-ups of friends and of him at rest. Vincent worked hard to perfect his technical skill. In 1888, his production was torrential. Between his arrival in February and his hospitalization after his mental collapse in December, he made at least 90 drawings and 100 paintings. Vincent defended himself by referring to the speed of Claude Monet. From February 1888 to May 1889, he produced some 200 paintings, as well as many drawings. His work under the sun at Arles established him as a giant in art, but when it was over,

Lifestyle in the Past and Present - Sample Essay

Lifestyle in the Past and Present - Sample EssayOne of the first things you need to do is to determine which lifestyle in the past and present sample essay are going to be most appealing. There are many different factors that influence this decision, including the student's interest in the topic. If a student's main interests lie in history, then they will be able to find a good sample essay on the subject of early America by simply choosing the topics that interest them the most. If your student's interests lie in a certain sport, for example, then it may be a little more difficult to choose a sample essay.However, there are a few general rules that can help you find a sample essay about your lifestyle in the past and present topic. First, don't be afraid to ask the professor for a sample essay that isn't written by the professor. This is because a professor will almost always have one available to them. You don't have to rely solely on the professor for samples. If you are looking for something from the library, there is nothing wrong with looking.Second, when trying to find a sample essay, try to use as many different sources as possible. Sometimes a professor will only have one or two resources for the course. If you are a beginner, you will want to use as many different sources as possible to get a wider variety of sample essays. The more sources you can use, the better chance you have of finding one that fits your needs.Third, if you find a sample essay that fits your needs, do not immediately discard it because it doesn't appeal to you. It may be that the professor has written a lot of these kinds of essays already. Instead of simply using one that is already available, try to find other examples to see if you like it better.Another way to get an idea of what sample essays are available for a lifestyle in the past and present topic is to look online. There are several resources online that can help you find these topics. Some examples that can help you a re family and marriage guides, fashion guides, or travel guides.When trying to find a sample essay on a lifestyle in the past and present topic, it is important to know that the essay is going to be quite long. It may also be longer than you want it to be. It is also possible that you want to add a personal side to your essay so make sure that you include all sides of your life in your sample essay.In addition, if you are writing a sample essay for a demographic study course, be sure to write in the same style that the teacher has taught you. Most likely, your instructor will expect you to be writing like the professor does. So, if you are unable to write in the same style as the professor, it may be a good idea to make some revisions of your essay before it is submitted.Remember that the most important thing when looking for a sample essay on a lifestyle in the past and present topic is to read over it as many times as possible before you submit it. This will allow you to make any necessary changes if the writing doesn't fit the needs of the professor. If you feel it doesn't make sense to you, don't submit it!

More than What Meets the Eye essays

More than What Meets the Eye essays What is currently known as the Naval Surface Warfare Center and California Rehabilitation Center was once a playground for the wealthy and well-known early in the 20th century. This playground was known as the grand Norconian Hotel and Resort, founded by Rex B. Clark, also the City of Norcos first serious developer. Since the building of the resort supreme (Cobbe, Snow, Bruinsma 12), the facility underwent three distinct phases. The first was the hotel, the next being a Naval hospital and presently the NSWC and CRC. Recently purchased by the City of Norco for an undisclosed amount, it is rumored that the NSWC is leaving the remains, mainly because of earthquake standards, and that the City will be restoring this magnificent property to the luxurious standards it once upheld. The once majestic Norconian Hotel and Resort was revered as a main attraction in Southern California prior to Palm Springs, competing only with Riversides Mission Inn. Norco hasnt always been the rural horse community it is now either lovingly or hatefully known as. The name Norco came from a purchase by the North Corona Land Company, and has been retained since. As stated in Norco Remembers, Norco started out as vacant land, part of a Mexican grant [that] was granted from Mexico to Vicenta Sepulveda and was [known] as the Little La Seirra [sic] Rancho. (Cobbe, Snow, Bruinsma 12) The Rancho was first observed in 1862 by W.P. Reynolds, and was approved in 1862 by a surveyor by the name of H.G. Rowlins, Surveyor General of California. Eventually the San Jacinto Land company, followed by W.J. Hole in 1908 purchased this area (Hayward 1). Finally bought by the wealthy Rex B. Clark, the development of Norco began, classified as a city in 1964. With the purchase of several thousand acres of ground in what was then North Corona, most of the tract was laid out in small acreage farms. He started by building roads...

Michel Foucault Biography and Intellectual History

Michel Foucault Biography and Intellectual History Michel Foucault (1926-1984) was a French social theorist, philosopher, historian, and public intellectual who was politically and intellectually active until his death. He is remembered for his method of using historical research to illuminate changes in discourse over time, and the evolving relationships between discourse, knowledge, institutions, and power. Foucault’s work inspired sociologists in subfields including sociology of knowledge; gender, sexuality and queer theory; critical theory;  Ã‚  deviance and crime; and the sociology of education. His most well-known works include Discipline and Punish, The History of Sexuality, and The Archaeology of Knowledge. Early Life Paul-Michel Foucault was born to an upper-middle-class family in Poitiers, France in 1926. His father was a surgeon, and his mother, the daughter of a surgeon. Foucault attended Lycà ©e Henri-IV, one of the most competitive and demanding high schools in Paris. He recounted later in life a troubled relationship with his father, who bullied him for being â€Å"delinquent.† In 1948 he attempted suicide for the first time and was placed in a psychiatric hospital for a period. Both of these experiences seem tied to his homosexuality, as his psychiatrist believed his suicide attempt was motivated by his marginalized status in society. Both also seem to have shaped his intellectual development and focus on the discursive framing of deviance, sexuality, and madness. Intellectual and Political Development Following high school Foucault was admitted in 1946 to the École Normale Supà ©rieure (ENS), an elite secondary school in Paris founded to train and create French intellectual, political, and scientific leaders. Foucault studied with Jean Hyppolite, an existentialist expert on Hegel and Marx who firmly believed that philosophy should be developed through a study of history; and, with Louis Althusser, whose structuralist theory left a strong mark on sociology and was greatly influential to Foucault. At ENS Foucault read widely in philosophy, studying the works of Hegel, Marx, Kant, Husserl, Heidegger, and Gaston Bachelard. Althusser, steeped in the Marxist intellectual and political traditions, convinced his student to join the French Communist Party, but Foucaults experience of homophobia and incidences of anti-semitism within it turned him off. Foucault also rejected the class-centric focus of Marx’s theory, and never identified as a Marxist. He completed his studies at the ENS in 1951 and then began a doctorate in the philosophy of psychology. For the next several years he taught university courses in psychology while studying the works of Pavlov, Piaget, Jaspers, and Freud; and, he studied relationships between doctors and patients at Hà ´pital Sainte-Anne, where he had been a patient after his 1948 suicide attempt. During this time Foucault also read widely outside of psychology into shared interests with his long-term partner, Daniel Defert, which included works by Nietzsche, Marquis de Sade, Dostoyevsky, Kafka, and Genet. Following his first university post, he worked as a cultural diplomat at universities in Sweden and Poland while completing his doctoral thesis. Foucault completed his thesis, titled â€Å"Madness and Insanity: History of Madness in the Classical Age,† in 1961. Drawing on the work of Durkheim and Margaret Mead, in addition to all of those listed above, he argued that madness was a social construct that originated in medical institutions, that it was distinct from true mental illness, and a tool of social control and power. Published in abridged form as his first book of note in 1964, Madness and Civilization is considered a work of structuralism, strongly influenced by his teacher at ENS, Louis Althusser. This, along with his next two books, The Birth of the Clinic and The Order of Things showcase his historiographical method known as â€Å"archaeology,† which he also used in his later books, The Archaeology of Knowledge, Discipline and Punish and The History of Sexuality. From the 1960s on Foucault held a variety of lectureships and professorships at universities around the world, including the University of California-Berkeley, New York University, and the University of Vermont. During these decades Foucault became known as an engaged public intellectual and activist on behalf of social justice issues, including racism, human rights, and prison reform. He was very popular with his students, and his lectures given after his induction into the Collà ¨ge de France were considered highlights of intellectual life in Paris, and always packed. Intellectual Legacy Foucaults key intellectual contribution was  his deft ability to illustrate that institutionslike science, medicine, and the penal systemthrough the use of discourse, create subject categories for people to inhabit, and turn people into objects of scrutiny and of knowledge. Thus, he argued, those who control institutions and their discourses wield power in society, because they shape the trajectories and outcomes of peoples lives. Foucault also demonstrated in his work that the creation of subject and object categories is premised on hierarchies of power among people, and in turn, hierarchies of knowledge, whereby the knowledge of the powerful is considered legitimate and right, and that of the less powerful is considered invalid and wrong. Importantly, though, he emphasized that power is not held by individuals, but that it courses  through society, lives in institutions, and is accessible to those who control institutions and the creation of knowledge. He thus considered knowledge and power inseparable, and denoted them as one concept, knowledge/power. Foucault is one of the most widely read and frequently cited scholars in the world.